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ShanghaiRanking’s Academic Ranking of World Universities 2019 | Top 100



The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) was first published in June 2003 by the Center for World-Class Universities (CWCU), Graduate School of Education (formerly the Institute of Higher Education) of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, and updated on an annual basis. Since 2009 the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) has been published and copyrighted by ShanghaiRanking Consultancy. ShanghaiRanking Consultancy is a fully independent organization dedicating to research on higher education intelligence and consultation.

Ranking Methodology

Candidate Universities

ShanghaiRanking’s Academic Ranking of World Universities 2019 | Top 100ARWU considers every university that has any Nobel Laureates, Fields Medalists, Highly Cited Researchers,or papers published in Nature or Science. In addition,universities with significant amount of papers indexed byScience Citation Index-Expanded (SCIE) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) are also included. In total, more than 1800 universities are actually ranked and the best 1000 are published.Ranking Criteria and Weights Universities are ranked by several indicators of academic or research performance, including alumni and staff winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals, highly cited researchers,papers published in Nature and Science, papers indexed in major citation indices, and the per capita academic performance of an institution. For each indicator, the highest scoring institution is assigned a score of 100, and other institutions are calculated as a percentage of the top score.
 The distribution of data for each indicator is examined for any significant distorting effect; standard statistical techniques are used to adjust the indicator if necessary. Scores for each indicator are weighted as shown below to arrive at a final overall score for an institution. The highest scoring institution is assigned a score of 100, and other institutions are calculated as a percentage of the top score. An institution's rank reflects the number of institutions that sit above it.

Alumni

The total number of the alumni of an institution winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals. Alumni are defined as those who obtain bachelor's, master's or doctoral degrees from the institution. Different weights are set according to the periods of obtaining degrees. The weight is 100%  for alumni obtaining degrees after 2011, 90% for alumni obtaining degrees in 2001-2010, 80% for alumni obtaining degrees in 1991-2000, and so on, and finally 10% for alumni obtaining degrees in 1921 1930. If a person obtains more than one degrees from an institution, the institution is considered once only.

Papers published in Nature and Science

ShanghaiRanking’s Academic Ranking of World Universities 2019 | Top 100The number of papers published in Nature and Science between 2014 and 2018. To distinguish the order of author affiliation, a weight of 100% is assigned for corresponding author affiliation, 50% for first author affiliation (second author affiliation if the first author affiliation is the same as corresponding author affiliation), 25% for the next author affiliation, and 10% for other author affiliations. When there are more than one corresponding author addresses, we consider the first corresponding author address as the corresponding author address and consider other corresponding author addresses as first author address, second author address etc. following the order of the author
addresses. Only publications of 'Article' type is considered.

Award

The total number of the staff of an institution winning Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Medicine and Economics and Fields Medal in Mathematics. Staff is defined as those who work at an institution at the time of winning the prize. Different weights are set according to the periods of winning the prizes. The weight is 100% for winners after 2011, 90% for winners in 2001-2010, 80% for winners in 1991-2000, 70% for winners in 1981-1990, and so on, and finally 10% for winners in 1921-1930. If a winner is affiliated with more than one institution, each institution is assigned the reciprocal of the number of institutions. For Nobel prizes, if a prize is shared by more than one person, weights are set for winners according to their proportion of the prize.

HiCi

The number of Highly Cited Researchers selected by Clarivate Analytics. The Highly Cited Researchers list issued in December 2018 was used for the calculation of HiCi indicator in ARWU 2019. Only the primary affiliations of Highly Cited Researchers are considered.

PUB

Total number of papers indexed in Science Citation Index-Expanded and Social Science pdfè;Citation Index in 2018. Only publications of 'Article' type is considered. When calculating the total number of papers of an institution, a special weight of two was introduced for papers indexed in Social Science Citation Index.

 PCP

The weighted scores of the above five indicators divided by the number of full-time equivalent academic staff. If the number of academic staff for institutions of a country cannot be obtained, the weighted scores of the above five indicators is used. For ARWU 2019, the numbers of full-time equivalent academic staff are obtained for institutions in USA, UK, France, Canada, Japan, Italy, China, Australia, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, Belgium, South Korea, Czech, Slovenia, New Zealand etc.


1Harvard University
1
100.0
2Stanford University
2
75.1
3University of Cambridge
1
72.3
4Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
3
69.0
5University of California, Berkeley
4
67.9
6Princeton University
5
60.0
7University of Oxford
2
59.7
8Columbia University
6
59.1
9California Institute of Technology
7
58.6
10University of Chicago
8
55.1
11University of California, Los Angeles
9-10
50.8
11Yale University
9-10
50.8
13Cornell University
11
49.8
14University of Washington
12
48.7
15University College London
3
47.9
16Johns Hopkins University
13
47.6
17University of Pennsylvania
14
47.3
18University of California, San Diego
15
47.1
19Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich
1
46.1
20University of California, San Francisco
16-17
42.2
20University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
16-17
42.2
22Washington University in St. Louis
18
41.7
23Imperial College London
4
41.6
24University of Toronto
1
41.4
25The University of Tokyo
1
40.7
26University of Copenhagen
1
40.2
27University of Wisconsin - Madison
19
38.8
28Duke University
20
38.6
29Northwestern University
21
38.4
30New York University
22
38.1
31The University of Edinburgh
5
37.4
32Kyoto University
2
37.0
33The University of Manchester
6
36.9
33University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
23
36.9
35Rockefeller University
24
36.2
35University of British Columbia
2
36.2
37University of Paris-Sud (Paris 11)
1
36.1
38Karolinska Institute
1
35.8
38University of Colorado at Boulder
25-26
35.8
38University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
25-26
35.8
41The University of Melbourne
1
35.7
41University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
27
35.7
43Tsinghua University
1
35.4
44Sorbonne University
2
35.1
45The University of Texas at Austin
28
34.3
46University of Maryland, College Park
29
33.7
47Heidelberg University
1
33.3
48University of California, Santa Barbara
30
33.2
49The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas
31
32.8
49Utrecht University
1
32.8
51King's College London
7
32.4
52University of Munich
2
32.3
53Peking University
2
32.2
54The University of Queensland
2
31.8
55University of Southern California
32-33
31.7
55Vanderbilt University
32-33
31.7
57Technical University Munich
3
31.2
58University of Geneva
2
31.1
59University of Oslo
1
31.0
60Aarhus University
2
30.9
61University of Zurich
3
30.8
62Uppsala University
2
30.5
63University of Helsinki
1
30.3
64University of Bristol
8
29.9
65University of Groningen
2
29.6
66Ghent University
1
29.3
67National University of Singapore
1
29.2
68Erasmus University Rotterdam
3
29.1
68The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
34
29.1
70University of Bonn
4
29.0
70Zhejiang University
3
29.0
72Purdue University - West Lafayette
35
28.5
73Monash University
3
28.4
73Nanyang Technological University
2
28.4
73Stockholm University
3
28.4
76Boston University
36
28.3
76The Australian National University
4
28.3
78Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
4
28.1
79Ecole Normale Superieure - Paris
3
28.0
80University of California, Irvine
37
27.9
80University of Sydney
5
27.9
82Leiden University
4
27.8
82Shanghai Jiao Tong University
4
27.8
84Brown University
38
27.6
85KU Leuven
2
27.4
85Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
1
27.4
87Moscow State University
1
27.3
87University of Basel
5
27.3
89University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Campus
39
27.2
90McGill University
3-4
27.1
90McMaster University
3-4
27.1
90Nagoya University
3
27.1
90University of California, Davis
40
27.1
94The University of New South Wales
6
27.0
95Carnegie Mellon University
41-43
26.5
95Rice University
41-43
26.5
95University of Florida
41-43
26.5
98Pennsylvania State University - University Park
44
26.4



99The University of Western Australia
7
26.2
100The Ohio State University - Columbus
45
26.0
ShanghaiRanking’s Academic Ranking of World Universities 2019 | Top 100


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